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How to Cite a Musical Score or Libretto
Structure:
Composer Last, First name M. Title As It Appears On the Title Page*. Date of Composition.** Place of Publication: Publisher, Date Published. Medium of Publication.***
Notes:
- * Abbreviate no. and op. in title.
- ** If year in unknown, use N.d.
- *** If part of a series, include series information after publication medium.
Example:
Schwartz, Stephen. Defying Gravity. 2000. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard, 2003. Print.
Libretto
Same as score, but librettist is listed before the title, and the composer after.
Example:
Oakes, Meredith. The Tempest: An Opera in Three Acts. Composed by Thomas Adès. London: Faber Music, 2004. Print.